Abstract

Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED) is a psychological disorder characterized by repetitive and disproportionate outbursts of anger, accompanied by verbal and physical aggression. This disorder sometimes appears in children and adolescents with gadget addiction accompanied with emotional disturbances, and negatively affects long-term emotional, social, and neurobehavioral aspect. The etiology of IED is multifactorial, including biological factors such as dysregulation of the serotonin system, dysfunction of the prefrontal-amygdala circuit, as well as genetic predisposition, which interact with environmental factors such as negative parenting, childhood trauma, and socioeconomic stress. The diagnosis of IED according to the DSM-5 emphasizes the presence of spontaneous impulsive aggressive outbursts, does not correspond to the level of provocation, and interferes with the functioning of daily life. Research also shows a significant correlation between gadget addiction and increased aggressive behavior in children and adolescents, especially when accompanied by low ego-resilience and less supportive parenting. The treatment of IEDs requires a multidisciplinary approach, with pharmacological therapies such as fluoxetine and anticonvulsants, as well as psychological therapies such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) proving to be effective. An in-depth understanding of the neuropsychological factors and mechanisms of IEDs is essential in designing holistic and evidence-based prevention and treatment strategies.

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