Abstract

The development of the marine and fisheries sector is a strategic component of Indonesia’s blue economy agenda, particularly through the expansion of seaweed aquaculture, which has high economic value and contributes significantly to national exports. West Nusa Tenggara (NTB), as the third-largest seaweed producer nationally, possesses substantial coastal potential; however, the effectiveness of its utilization is highly dependent on the legal framework at both national and regional levels. This study examines how the legal regulations governing seaweed aquaculture are formulated and implemented, as well as the extent to which the alignment between national and regional regulations supports legal certainty for businesses and environmental sustainability. This research employs a normative legal method with statutory and conceptual approaches. The legal sources analyzed include the Marine and Coastal Management Law (PWP3K), Spatial Planning Law, Fisheries Law, Job Creation Law, relevant Government Regulations on spatial planning and fisheries, and the NTB Spatial Plan Regulation (RTRW) 2024–2044. Normative analysis is used to assess the relationship between national and regional norms, while the conceptual approach highlights the relevance of legal certainty, sustainability, and spatial integration in coastal management. The findings show that the national regulatory framework provides a comprehensive normative basis, yet its implementation in NTB requires stronger harmonization to prevent spatial overlaps, conflicts of interest, and licensing uncertainties. Strengthening regulatory integration is essential to support seaweed development as NTB’s leading blue economy sector.

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