Abstract

Androgenetic alopecia (AA) is hair loss caused by genetic factor and androgen hormone. Clove essential oil (CEO) contain eugenol which has anti-androgen activity and can be used to treat AA. Formulation CEO into hair serum nanoemulsion overcome the CEO from several disadvantages. The aims of this study were preparation, characterization, and evaluation hair growth activity of hair serum nanoemulsion loaded CEO. The chemical components of CEO were analysed by gas chromatography. The optimum formula was obtained using the D-Optimal Design method and was further characterized for droplet size, size distribution, pH, viscosity, thermodynamic stability, and storage stability. In vivo of skin irritation and hair growth activity were evaluated. The result showed that the GC-MS analysis of the CEO consisted of eight components, which the main component was eugenol (60.72%). The optimum formula consisted of CEO (10.63%), cremophor RH 40 (67.5%), and propylene glycol (21.87%). Formula has the droplet size of 31.26±0.155 nm, the PDI value of 0.24±0.008, the pH of 5.55±0.01, the viscosity of 2386.18±62.77 cP, physically stable, and did not show the skin irritation. The length and weight hair of the treatment group was 2.28±0.12 cm and 2.28±0.12 g, respectively. Clove oil nanoemulsion hair serum is effective in promoting hair growth and may serve as a promising treatment product for alopecia areata.

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