Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effects of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Lending, population growth rate, and income inequality on poverty levels in the ten provinces with the highest poverty rates in Indonesia during the period 2020–2023. Despite the implementation of various poverty alleviation policies, poverty remains a persistent and critical issue in Indonesia. This research employs a quantitative approach using panel data regression analysis, utilizing the Random Effects Model (REM), and processed through EViews to examine the relationships among the variables. The study relies on secondary data, with a sample consisting of ten provinces: Papua, West Papua, East Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, Gorontalo, Aceh, Bengkulu, West Nusa Tenggara, Central Sulawesi, and South Sumatra. The results indicate that Peer-to-Peer Lending has a negative and statistically significant effect on poverty levels. Meanwhile, the population growth rate has a positive but statistically insignificant effect, and income inequality has a positive and statistically significant effect on poverty. Among the three variables, income inequality emerges as the most dominant factor influencing poverty levels. These findings underscore the importance of implementing income redistribution policies and strengthening financial literacy and financial inclusion as key strategies in poverty alleviation, particularly in regions with persistently high poverty rates.

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