Abstract

Purpose This study presents an innovative and resource efficient approach for the stability analysis of resilient rotating tapered beams constructed from 2D functionally graded materials (FGMs). The work aims to introduce a reliable method for predicting parametric instability under time-varying rotational speeds. Design/methodology/approach Material properties are modeled through a power-law distribution across the beam thickness and length. The stiffness and mass matrices are derived using the virtual energy principle based on linear Bernoulli–Euler beam theory. Principal parametric resonance is investigated under periodic rotational speed variation. A hybrid computational framework combines the first-order solution of Bolotin's method with the state transition matrix (STM) technique to efficiently determine instability boundaries while reducing computational demand. Findings The results show that the material gradient index, hub radius, taper ratio, average rotational speed and dynamic amplitude factor strongly influence system stability. The proposed resource efficient hybrid method reduces computational time by approximately 68%–85% across different operating speed regimes while maintaining high prediction accuracy. Instability regions obtained numerically are successfully validated through displacement time–response analysis. Originality/value The study introduces a novel computational approach that integrates Bolotin's analytical approximation with STM analysis for rotating FGM beams. The method enhances simulation efficiency and provides a practical tool for optimizing high-performance rotating systems used in aerospace, energy and industrial engineering applications.

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