Abstract

Abstract The Gili Matra Islands (Gili Meno, Gili Air, and Gili Trawangan) represent environmentally sensitive island ecosystems characterized by marine conservation zones, limited accessibility, and strict development regulations. These conditions increase construction risk exposure and require environmentally adaptive mitigation strategies. This study aims to identify dominant construction risks and determine optimal risk mitigation strategies for construction projects in the Gili Matra Islands using the Analytic Network Process (ANP) and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Data were collected through expert surveys involving contractors, consultants, and public sector representatives experienced in island-based construction and analyzed using SuperDecisions 2.10 software. The ANP results indicate that dominant risks include bad weather (18%), unpredictable sea tides (11%), low work productivity (13%), and environmental and regulatory constraints (10%). The TOPSIS analysis shows that the risk reduction strategy is the most effective (preference value 0.874), followed by avoidance (0.796). Validation results confirm strong expert agreement (Kendall’s W = 0.8923; CR < 0.1). These findings contribute to sustainable construction practices by providing a context-sensitive decision framework that integrates risk mitigation with environmental protection in small island ecosystems.

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